United Nations (UN) Strategies to Eradicate Poverty

United Nations (UN) Strategies to Eradicate PovertyBLIMUN 2014Eradicating extreme poverty and hungerIntroductionUnited NationsUnited Nations is the worlds biggest inter issue organization, founded in 1945. The UN has quartette main purposesTo keep peace throughout the worldTo discontinue friendly relations among nationsTo help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer hunger, affection and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each others rights and freedomsTo be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve these goals.At the moment, United Nations have 193 member states. The organization whole kit and boodle on a broad range of fundamental issues, from sustainable development, environment and refugees protection, disaster relief, counter terrorism, disarmament and non-proliferation, to promoting democracy, human rights, gender equality and the advancement of women, governance, sparing and social development and international health, cl earing landmines, expanding food production, and more, in order to achieve its goals and coordinate efforts for a safer world for this and future generations. oecumenical AssemblyGeneral Assembly is the chief deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the United Nations. Comprising all 193 Members of the United Nations, it grants a unique forum for multilateral discussion of the full spectrum of international issues cover by the Charter. It also plays a significant role in the process of standard-setting and the codification of international law. The Assembly meets in regular session intensively from family line to December each year, and thereafter as required.According to the Charter of the United Nations, the General Assembly may1Consider and approve the United Nations budget and feed the financial assessments of Member StatesElect the non-permanent members of the protective cover Council and the members of other United Nations councils and organs and, on the reco mmendation of the Security Council, appoint the Secretary-GeneralConsider and make recommendations on the world-wide principles of cooperation for maintaining international peace and security, including disarmamentDiscuss each question relating to international peace and security and, except where a dispute or situation is before long being discussed by the Security Council, make recommendations on itDiscuss, with the same exception, and make recommendations on each questions within the scope of the Charter or affecting the powers and functions of any organ of the United NationsInitiate studies and make recommendations to advocate international political cooperation, the development and codification of international law, the realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and international collaboration in the economic, social, humanitarian, cultural, educational and health fieldsMake recommendations for the peaceful settlement of any situation that might impair friendly relations among nationsConsider reports from the Security Council and other United Nations organs.An important thing to mention is that that General Assembly does non make decisions which have a legally binding effect on its member states, except on questions such as budget and selection of non-permanent Security Council members. However, due to its influence and the mission of United Nations, it is very difficult for countries not to take into account resolutions brought by General Assembly, since, in a way, they are also participating in the process of bringing them to life.Millenium GoalsIn September 2000, make upon a decade of major United Nations conferences and summits, world leaders came together at United Nations Headquarters in New York to adopt the United Nations millennium Declaration, committing their nations to a parvenue ball-shaped partnership to reduce extreme poverty and setting out a series of time-bound targets with a deadline of 2015 that have become cog nize as the Millennium Development Goals. There are eight of these goalsTo eradicate extreme poverty and hungerTo achieve universal primary educationTo promote gender equality and empowering womenTo reduce child mortality ratesTo improve maternal healthTo combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseasesTo en authoritative environmental sustainabilityTo develop a global partnership for development.As 2015 is quickly approaching, we can say that a lot of things have been vastly improved however, there is always infinite for making the situation even better. That is why we believe that the first Millenium Goal, Eradicating extreme poverty and hunger is a great topic for our BLIMUN 2014 conference, since it will give our delegates the fortune to take a look back and see what has already been done and then discuss on how can the current results be improved and what new measures can be taken before the deadline is approached.Eradicating Extreme Poverty and HungerConcepts and footholdAccor ding to the Oxford Dictionary, hunger is defined asA feeling of innervation or weakness caused by lack of food, coupled with the desire to eatA severe lack of foodA strong desire or craving human hunger, on the other hand, is related to another term, malnutrition, which can be defined as lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having passable to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat. The concept of world hunger is, therefore, concerned with malnutrition on the global direct.United Nations defines poverty asthe inability of getting choices and opportunities, a violation of human dignity. It means lack of basic capacity to participate efficaciously in society. It means not having enough to feed and clothe a family, not having a school or clinic to go to, not having the land on which to grow ones food or a job to earn ones living, not having access to credit. It means insecurity, powerlessness and excision of individuals, hou seholds and communities. It means susceptibility to violence, and it often implies living in marginal or fragile environments, without access to clean water or sanitation.Poverty is the most car park cause of hunger. Extreme poverty is, unfortunately, also common cause for starvation, and every year statistics show high number of people who die in peremptory poverty deprived of basic human rights.Developed vs. Developing countriesAccording to the World Bank, the criteria for deciding whether a coun elbow grease is developed uncouth, also known as a first-world country is its Gross National Income (GNI) per capita per year. Countries with GNI over US$ 11,905 are developed countries, and countries with GNI equal to, or less than US$ 11,905 are classified as developing countries. To find the definition of the country you will be representing, please consult the following linkWorld Bank Country and Lending Groups grave note Please keep in mind that developed countries also experience issues with extreme poverty and hunger. When preparing for the conference, try to find the data on what is the level of poverty in the country you are representing.Useful statisticsAt least 80% of humanity lives on less than $10 a day.The poorest 40 percent of the worlds population accounts for 5 percent of global income. The richest 20 percent accounts for three-quarters of world income.According to UNICEF, 22,000 children die each day due to poverty. or so 27-28 percent of all children in developing countries are estimated to be underweight or stunted.Some 1.1 billion people in developing countries have incompetent access to water, and 2.6 billion lack basic sanitation.Almost two in three people lacking access to clean water survive on less than $2 a day, with one in three living on less than $1 a day.In the United Kingdom the modal(a) person uses more than 50 litres of water a day flushing toilets.Close to half of all people in developing countries suffer at any given time fr om a health problem caused by water and sanitation deficits.Millions of women spend several hours a day collecting water.In 2005, the wealthiest 20% of the world accounted for 76.6% of total private consumption. The poorest fifth accounted for just 1.5%1.6 billion people a quarter of humanity live without electricity.Approximately 790 million people in the developing world are still chronically undernourished, almost two-thirds of whom reside in Asia and the Pacific.Important note You can use useful statistics from the country you are representing in debating and defending your point of view.Examples of Successful ActionsBosnia and Herzegovina A brighter future for young people. The UN Development Programme (UNDP) and other UN agencies partnered with the Government of Spain to establish 16 centres in Bosnia and Herzegovina to provide career counselling to unemployed youth. In the first 14 months of operation, the centres provided skills training to more than 6,800 young people, of whom almost 1,800 gained their first work experience.Yemen Food keeps girls in school. Since 2007, the World Food Programs (WFP) Food For Girls Education Program has been tackling hunger and enrolment challenges in Yemen, where more than 60 per cent of primary school-aged children who are not in school are girls. As a result of the program, families who send their girls to school are eligible to receive an annual ration of wheat and strengthen vegetable oil. Despite funding shortfalls, since 2010 the program has reached almost 200,000 girls, benefiting almost 1 million family members.India Right to paid work benefits millions. UNDP is supporting the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural work Program, promoting the law passed in 2005 guaranteeing the right to a minimum of 100 days of paid work a year for landless labourers and marginal farmers. Implementation of the system is now providing 50 days of work a year to around 50 million households. Almost half of the beneficiaries are women. Important note When preparing for the conference, try to find out what are the ways the country you are representing fights the poverty and hunger issues. Think about how these can be implemented on the global level. How can your country contri excepte to it?Relevant UNGA fortitudesFollowing is the list of previous resolutions that are related to the topic of BLIMUN 2014 General Assembly. You can refer to those in debates, but also in the resolution you will be drafting at the conference.Resolution 65/214. Human rights and extreme povertyResolution 65/174. secondment UN Decade for the Eradication of PovertyResolution 65/173. Promotion of ecotourism for poverty eradication . . .Resolution 65/10. Sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth forResolution 65/186. Realizing the Millennium Development Goals for personsResolution 65/1. Keeping the promise united to achieve the MillenniumUseful tipsHere are any(prenominal) universal tips on how to better prepare yourself for the topicDo a lot of research in regards to the country you are representing. You can use the government websites, national statistics institutes data, social media, newspapers, etc. In case you do not have enough English resources, ask BLIMUN 2014 chairpersons for assistance.You can use Wikipedia, but do not follow it blindly Always check sources and use links at the bottom of the page.Take a look at the general websites that host some of the global statistics, such as World Bank, United Nations, worldometers.info, unstats.un.org etc.Be informed read newspapers, watch tv and follow online news make sure that you catch any news related to our topic and think about how you can use them, even if they are not directly related to the country you are representing.Try to do a research on a countries that are cooperating with the country you are representing, or are close to it in terms of its economy, political views, foreign policy etc.Be open-minded and ready to think outside the box, but do not go too far away from your countrys point of view.Cited Sourceshttp//www.un.org/en/aboutun/http//www.un.org/en/mainbodies/http//www.un.org/millenniumgoals/bkgd.shtmlhttp//www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/hungerhttp//www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/malnutritionhttp//www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htmhttp//www.un.org/esa/socdev/unyin/documents/ydiDavidGordon_poverty.pdfhttp//www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Goal_1_fs.pdfhttp//www.globalissues.org/article/26/poverty-facts-and-statshttp//www.isi-web.org/component/content/article/5-root/root/81-developinghttp//data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications/country-and-lending-groupshttp//www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/report-2013/mdg-report-2013-english.pdfhttp//www.un.org/en/ga/65/resolutions.shtml1 For detailed rules and procedures, please refer to BLIMUN 2014 delegate handbook.